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Bezzy communities provide meaningful connections with others living with chronic conditions. Join Bezzy on the web or mobile app. A sore throat is a painful, dry, or scratchy feeling in the throat. Sore throats are divided into types — pharyngitis, tonsillitis, and laryngitis — based on the part of the throat they affect. Most sore throats are caused by infections, or by environmental factors like dry air.
Although a sore throat can be uncomfortable, it will usually go away on its own. Sometimes, white patches or areas of pus will form on the tonsils.
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These white patches are more common in strep throat than in a sore throat caused by a virus. Sore throat may be a symptom of strep throat , which is an infection caused by Streptococcus pyogenes , a type of bacteria. In addition to a sore throat, strep throat can also cause other symptoms, including :. Unlike other conditions that can cause a sore throat, strep throat is not associated with coughing, runny nose, pink eye, or hoarseness.
Additionally, while a sore throat usually improves on its own over time, strep throat requires treatment with an antibiotic. COVID is a viral infection that can cause a range of symptoms, including a sore throat. If you experience any of these symptoms in addition to a sore throat or have recently been exposed to COVID, you may want to consider getting tested. A sore throat is usually caused by viral infections, including the common cold, flu, measles, and chickenpox.
In most cases, a sore throat caused by a viral infection will improve on its own over time without any treatment. On the other hand, a sore throat caused by a bacterial infection may require treatment with antibiotics to prevent complications. If you experience severe symptoms or if your sore throat lasts longer than one week, talk to a doctor to determine the cause and best course of treatment for you.
Causes of sore throats range from infections to injuries. Here are eight of the most common sore throat causes.
Sore throat is usually caused by a viral infection. Among the viruses that cause sore throats are:. Bacterial infections can also cause sore throats.
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The most common one is strep throat, an infection of the throat and tonsils caused by group A Streptococcus bacteria. Tonsillitis and sexually transmitted infections like gonorrhea and chlamydia can also cause a sore throat. When the immune system reacts to allergy triggers like pollen, grass, and pet dander, it releases chemicals that cause symptoms like nasal congestion, watery eyes, sneezing, and throat irritation.
Excess mucus in the nose can drip down the back of the throat.
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This is called postnasal drip and can irritate the throat. Dry air can suck moisture from the mouth and throat, and leave them feeling dry and scratchy. The air is most likely dry in the winter months when the heater is running. Many different chemicals and other substances in the environment irritate the throat, including:. Certain types of injury can cause pain in the throat.
Getting a piece of food stuck in your throat can also irritate it. Repeated use strains the vocal cords and muscles in the throat. You can get a sore throat after yelling, talking loudly, or singing for a long period of time. For example, sore throats are a common complaint among fitness instructors and teachers, who often have to yell.